The Python Math Library provides various Functions and Constants / Properties, which allows us to perform mathematical functionality. Unlike other Python global objects, Properties and Functions inside the math object is static so, we can access the properties as Math.PI and functions as Math.abs(number).
Python Math Object Properties
The following table will show you the list of Properties or Constants available in Python Math library
| Python Math Properties | Description |
|---|---|
| math.e | It will return the Euler’s Number e, approximately equal to 2.71828 |
| math.pi | It will return the Pie Value, approximately equal to 3.14 |
| math.inf | It will return the Positive Infinity. You can use -Math.INF to return the Negative Infinity. |
| math.nan | It will return Not A Number as output |
Python Math Functions
The following table will show you the list of Functions available in Python Math Library
| Python Math Functions | Description |
|---|---|
| ceil(x) | It is used to return the smallest integer value which is greater than or equal to the specified expression or a number. |
| copysign(x) | It is used to find the Absolute value of first argument and return the absolute value along with sign specified in second argument |
| fabs(x) | It will return the Absolute value of a Given number |
| factorial(x) | It is used to find the factorial of a specified expression or an individual number. |
| floor(x) | It is used to return the largest integer value which is less than or equal to the specified expression or a number. |
| fmod(x, y) | This function is used to calculate the Module of the specified given arguments. |
| frexp(x) | This function is used to return the mantissa and exponent of x, as pair (m, e) where m is a float value and e is an integer value. |
| fsum(Iterable) | This function is used to calculate and return the sum of iterates (Tuples and Lists) |
| gcd(x, y) | This function is used to return the greatest common divisor of two given arguments. |
| isclose(x, y) | This function will return TRUE, If the two arguments are close to each other, otherwise it returns FALSE |
| isfinite(x) | This function is used to check whether the given number / expression is neither Infinity (both Positive or Negative) nor NaN. It will return TRUE, If the given number is neither Infinity nor NaN (Not a Number) otherwise FALSE |
| isinf(x) | This function is used to check whether the given number / expression is Infinity (both Positive or Negative) or not. It will return TRUE, If the given number is Infinity otherwise FALSE |
| isnan(x) | This function is used to check whether the given number / expression is NaN (Not a Number) or not. It will return TRUE, If the given number is NaN otherwise FALSE |
| round(x) | This is regular built-in function (not a Math library function). It is used to round the specified expression or an individual number to nearest integer. |
| ldexp(x, i) | It is used to return x * (2**i). This is also called as inverse of Python FREXP function. |
| modf(x) | It is used to divide the given value into two arguments: Fractional Part as first argument and integer value as second argument. |
| trunc(x) | It is used to remove the decimal values from specified expression and return the integer value |
Power and Logarithmic Functions
Following functions are the list of Power and logarithmic functions available in Python Math Library.
| Power and Logarithmic Functions | Description |
|---|---|
| exp(x) | It is used to calculate the power of E, Where E is Euler’s number approximately equal to 2.71828. |
| expm1(x) | It is used to calculate the power of E (Where E is Euler’s number approximately equal to 2.71828) and subtracts one from it. |
| log(x, base) | It is used to calculate the logarithmic value of given number with base E. |
| log2(x) | It is used to calculate the logarithmic value of given number with base E. |
| log10(x) | It is used to calculate the logarithmic value of given number with base E. |
| pow(x) | It is used to calculate the Power of the specified expression |
| sqrt(x) | It is used to find the square root of a specified expression or an individual number |
Trigonometric Functions
Following functions are the list of Trigonometric functions available in Python Math Library.
| Trigonometric Functions | Description |
|---|---|
| acos(x) | It will return the Arc Cosine value of a Given number |
| asin(x) | It will return the Arc Sine value of a Given number |
| atan(x) | It will return the Arc Tangent value of a Given number |
| atan2(y, x) | It will return the angle (in radius) from the X -Axis to the specified point (y, x). |
| cos(x) | It will return the Cosine value of a Given number |
| hypot(x, y) | It will extract the characters from a string based on the specified indices |
| sin(x) | It will return the Sine value of a Given number |
| tan(x) | It will return the Tangent value of a Given number |
Angular Functions
Following functions are the list of Angular functions available in Python Math Library.
| Angular Functions | Description |
|---|---|
| degrees(x) | It will convert the specified angle from Radians to Degrees. |
| radians(x) | It will convert the specified angle from Degrees to Radians. |
Hyperbolic Functions
The Hyperbolic Functions are trigonometric functions which allows us to perform following functions on Hyperbolic, instead of Circles.
| Hybrbolic Functions | Description |
|---|---|
| acosh(x) | It will return the Hyperbolic Arc Cosine (inverse Hyperbolic Cosine) value of a Given number |
| asinh(x) | It will return the Hyperbolic Arc Sine (inverse Hyperbolic Sine) value of a Given number |
| atanh(x) | It will return the Hyperbolic Arc Tangent (inverse Hyperbolic Tangent) value of a Given number |
| cosh(x) | It will return the Hyperbolic Cosine value of a Given number |
| sinh(x) | It will return the Hyperbolic Sine value of a Given number |
| tanh(x) | It will return the Hyperbolic Tangent value of a Given number |
Special Functions
Following functions are the list of Special functions available in Python Math Library.
| Special Functions | Description |
|---|---|
| erf(x) | It returns the error function at specified value. |
| erfc(x) | It returns the complementary error function at specified value. OR we can simply say, 1 – erf(x) |
| gamma(x) | It returns the Gamma function at specified value. |
| lgamma(x) | It returns the Natural Logarithm of the Gamma function at specified value. |
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