Microsoft Power BI DAX provides various Logical Functions such as IF Statement, AND, OR, NOT, IN, TRUE, FALSE, IFERROR, SWITCH etc. In this article, we will show you, How to use Power BI DAX Logical Functions with examples.
To demonstrate these Power BI DAX Logical functions, we are going to use the below-shown data. As you can see, there are 15 records in this table.
Power BI DAX Logical Functions
The following series of examples will show you the list of DAX Logical Functions in Power BI
Power BI DAX IF Function
The Power BI DAX If function is used to check the given expression is True or False. The basic syntax of the Power BI DAX If Function is as shown below:
IF(Expression, True_Info, False_Info)
As you can see from the above syntax, this function accepts three arguments: the first argument is the Boolean expression (which return true or false). If the expression results TRUE then the second argument will return otherwise, the third argument will return.
To demonstrate these DAX logical functions in Power BI, we have to use Calculated. In order to create a column, please click on the New Column option under the Home tab, or Modeling tab.
We renamed the default column name as IfExample. As you can see from the below screenshot, while I was typing, Power BI intelisense is showing the suggestions.
For the demo purpose, we will use the Sales column.
By clicking the enter or any key, a new column will be created. And the final Code is
IfExample = IF(EmployeeSales[Sales] > 3000, "Good", "Bad")
Above statement will check whether the Sales amount of each column is greater than 3000 or not. If true then column will return Good otherwise, Bad will return
Let me add this column to the table that we created earlier. Please refer Create Table Report article to understand the steps involved in creating a table
Power BI DAX Nested IF Function
In Power BI, you can use the DAX Nested If concept. I mean, one If statement inside another. Below statement will check whether the Sales amount of each column is less than 1000 or not. If true then the column will return Very Bad otherwise, it will enter into Nested If
NestedIfEx = IF(EmployeeSales[Sales] < 1000, "Very Bad",
IF(EmployeeSales[Sales] > 3000, "Good", "Average" ))
Let me add this Nested column to this table.
Power BI DAX AND Function
The Power BI DAX AND function is used to check multiple expressions. The syntax of the Power BI DAX AND Function is as shown below:
AND(Condition 1, Condition 2)
As you can see from the above syntax, DAX AND function accepts two arguments: If both the conditions are True then it will return True otherwise, it return False.
Let me create a column to check whether the Sales of each column is greater than Average, and Yearly Income is greater than 70000. If both these conditions are true then the column will return a Good Job otherwise, it will return Bad Job into a column
AndSales = IF(AND(EmployeeSales[Sales] > AVERAGE(EmployeeSales[Sales]),
EmployeeSales[YearlyIncome] >= 70000), "Good Job", "Bad Job")
Power BI DAX OR Function
The Power BI DAX OR function is like either or statement in English, which is used to check multiple expressions. The syntax of the Power BI DAX OR Function is as shown below:
OR(Condition 1, Condition 2)
As you can see from the above syntax: If both the conditions are False then it will return False otherwise, it return True.
Let me create a column to check whether the Sales is less than Average, or Yearly Income is greater than equal to 90000. If both these conditions are false then the function will return Doing Good otherwise, it will return Watchlist into a column
OrSales = IF(OR(EmployeeSales[Sales] < AVERAGE(EmployeeSales[Sales]),
EmployeeSales[YearlyIncome] >= 90000), "Watchlist", "Doing Good")
let me add both the And Function, and Or Function columns to the below shown table.
Power BI DAX NOT Function
The DAX NOT function will convert True to false, and False to True. I mean, it return opposite result. The syntax of the Power BI DAX NOT Function is as shown below:
NOT(Condition)
Below statement returns False if Sales is greater than 2000 otherwise, it will return True
NotSale = NOT(IF(EmployeeSales[Sales] > 2000, "TRUE", "FALSE")
Let me add this Not Function column to this table
Power BI DAX IN Function
The DAX IN function will restrict the clculation to specified columns. For example, you can calculate the Sum of sales for temporary Employees. The syntax of Power BI DAX IN Function is as shown below:
Column IN {field1, field2,...,fieldN}Below statement will calculate the Sum of Sales for the employees whose education is Education, Bachelors, or Masters Degree. Remember, this is a Measure
SalesIN = CALCULATE(SUM(EmployeeSales[YearlyIncome]) ,
'EmployeeSales'[Education] IN {"Education", "Bachelors", "Masters Degree"})
Let me create a Card using this Measure. Please refer Create a Card and Format Card articles to understand the steps involved in creating and formatting cards.
Power BI DAX TRUE Function
The Power BI DAX TRUE function will return logical true. Below statement will return True if Sales is greater than Average Sale otherwise, it will return False
TRUESale = IF(EmployeeSales[Sales] > AVERAGE(EmployeeSales[Sales]), TRUE(), FALSE() )
Power BI DAX FALSE Function
The Power BI DAX FALSE function will return logical false. Below statement will return False if Sales is less than 2500 otherwise, it will return True
FalseSale = IF(EmployeeSales[Sales] < 2500, FALSE(), TRUE() )
Let me add True Function, False Function result to the table report
Power BI DAX IFERROR Function
The DAX IFERROR function is very useful to handle the arithmetic overflow, or any other errors. It simply perform calculation and return the result, if there is an error then it will return the value inside the second argument.
The syntax of the Power BI DAX IFERROR Function is as shown below:
IFERROR(Calculation, Value_If_Error_Occurs)
Below statement will return 100 if an error occurs. Indeed, all the records will throw an error because we are dividing them 0
ErrorSale = IFERROR(EmployeeSales[Sales]/0, 100)
Let me add Iferror column result to the table report
Power BI DAX SWITCH Function
The Power BI DAX SWITCH function helps you to return multiple options. For example, If statement will return either True or false. However, you can use this switch case to multiple results.
The syntax of the Power BI DAX IFERROR Function is as shown below:
SWITCH(Expression, Option 1, Result 1, Option 2, Result 2, ....., ElseResult)
If Month of Hire date is 1 then below statement will return January, 2 means February, 3 means march, 4 means April, 5 means May, 12 means December otherwise, Unknown.
SwitchMonth = SWITCH(MONTH(EmployeeSales[HireDate]), 1, "January", 2, "February", 3, "March", 4, "April", 5, "May",
12, "December", "Unknown")
let me add this Switch function result column to this table report
