The SQL Mathematical Functions allows us to perform basic math functionality. For instance, you can use SQL Mathematical functions to find the elementary exponential value, square root, floor, round, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions.
SQL Mathematical Functions
Apart from basic math operators, which we discussed in the Arithmetic Operators, there are standard and common SQL Math functions. These SQL Mathematical functions allow you to manipulate the numerical data, which is crucial in data processing.
The following table will show you the list of Mathematical Functions in SQL Server. So, please follow the links to view the tutorial on SQL Math functions.
| SQL Mathematical Functions | Description |
|---|---|
| ABS | It returns the Absolute value or absolute positive value. |
| ACOS | It will return the trigonometric Arc Cosine value of a Given value |
| ASIN | This Mathematical function returns the trigonometric Arc Sine value of a Given value |
| ATAN | It will return the trigonometric Arc Tangent value of a Given value |
| ATN2 | It is used to return the angle (in radius) from the X-Axis to the specified point (y, x) |
| CEILING | This SQL Mathematical function returns the smallest number, which is greater than or equal to the specified expression. |
| COS | It is used to return the trigonometric Cosine of a Given number |
| COT | It is used to return the trigonometric Cotangent of a Given number |
| DEGREES | It is used to convert the specified radiant angle to equivalent angle measured in Degrees |
| EXP | It returns E raised to the power of given value, Where E is Euler’s number, and it is approximately equal to 2.71828. |
| FLOOR | This SQL Mathematical Functions returns the largest integer value, which is less than or equal to the specified expression or given number. |
| LOG | It will calculate the natural logarithmic value of a given number with base E, where E is Euler’s number, which is equal to 2.71828. |
| LOG10 | It is used to calculate the base 10 logarithmic value of the given number. |
| PI | This SQL Mathematical Functions returns the Pie Value, which is approximately equal to 3.14 |
| POWER | It is used to display the power of user-specified expression. |
| RADIANS | It is used to convert the specified Degrees angle to equivalent angle measured in Radians |
| RAND | This Mathematical function returns the positive and the value will be greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0 |
| ROUND | It is used to round the specified expression or an individual number to a nearest numeric. |
| SIGN | Returns the Sign of the given argument, and the result may be Positive (+), Negative (-), or Zero (0). |
| SIN | It is used to return the trigonometric Sine of a Given number |
| SQRT | This SQL Mathematical Functions finds the square root of a specified expression or an individual number |
| SQUARE | It is used to return the square of the specified expression or an individual number |
| TAN | It returns the trigonometric Tangent of a Given number |
From the above specified SQL Mathematical functions, all the Arithmetic functions such as ABS, DEGREES, CEILING, FLOOR, POWER, SIGN, AND RADIANS return the result as same data type as the input value.
Trigonometric and other functions, including SQL Server EXP, SQUARE, SQRT, LOG10, and LOG will CAST their input values to FLOAT data type and return the result as FLOAT value.
