Python Arithmetic operators includes operators like Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division, Floor Division, Exponent (or Power) and Modulus. All these operators are binary operators which means they operate on two operands. Below table shows all the Python Arithmetic Operators with examples.
| Python Arithmetic Operators | Operation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | 10 + 2 = 12 |
| – | Subtraction | 10 – 2 = 8 |
| * | Multiplication | 10 * 2 = 20 |
| / | Division | 10 / 2 = 5.0 |
| % | Modulus – It returns the remainder after the division | 10 % 2 = 0 (Here remainder is zero). If it is 10 % 3 then it will be 1. |
| ** | Exponent – It returns the Power of One variable against the other | 10 ** 2 = 100 (It means 10 Power 2 or 10²). |
| // | Floor Division – Same as Division but it will return the integer value by flooring the extra decimals | 17 // 3 = 5. If you divide 17 by 3 you get 5.667 and the floor division operator will trim the decimal values and outputs the integer |
In this article we will show you, How to use the Python Arithmetic Operators in Programming with examples.
Python Arithmetic Operators Example
For this example, We are using two variables a and b and their values are 12 and 3. We are going to use these two variables to perform various arithmetic operations present in Python programming
PYTHON CODE
>>> a = 12
>>> b = 3
>>> addition = a + b
>>> subtraction = a - b
>>> multiplication = a * b
>>> division = a / b
>>> modulus = a % b
>>> exponent = a ** b
>>> Floor_Division = a // b
>>> print("Addition of two numbers 12 and 3 is : ", addition)
>>> print("Subtracting Number 3 from 12 is : ", subtraction)
>>> print("Multiplication of two numbers 12 and 3 is : ", multiplication)
>>> print("Division of two numbers 12 and 3 is : ", division)
>>> print("Modulus of two numbers 12 and 3 is : ", modulus)
>>> print("Exponent of two numbers 12 and 3 is : ", exponent)
>>> print("Floor Division of two numbers 12 and 3 is : ", Floor_Division)
OUTPUT
Following statement will find the exponent. It means 12 power 3 = 12 * 12 * 12 = 1728
exponent = a ** b
NOTE: When we are using division ( / ) operator the result will be float or decimal value. If you want to display the output as integer value by rounding the value then use Floor Division ( // ) operator
Python Arithmetic Operators on Strings
For this example, We are using two variables a and b of string data type. We are going to use these two variables to show the problems we generally face while performing arithmetic operations on String Data type.
PYTHON CODE
>>> a = "Tutorial" >>> b = "Gateway" >>> print(a + b) >>> print(a + " " + b) >>> print(a * 3) >>> print((a + " ")* 3) >>> print(a + 3) >>> print(a + str(3))
TIP: Please be careful with brackets, if you misplace it then you will end up with wrong results
OUTPUT
ANALYSIS
First, We declared two variables a and b of type string and their values are “Tutorial” and “Gateway”
a = "Tutorial" b = "Gateway"
Following print statement will display the output as “TutorialGateway” because when we use ‘+’ operator in between string variables python will concat the two strings
print(a+b)
Following print statement will insert the empty space between the two words”Tutorial” and “Gateway”. It means the output will be “Tutorial Gateway”
print(a + " " + b)
Following print statement will display Tutorial three times
print(a * 3)
If you want to insert space in between each iteration then use below statement
print((a + " ")* 3)
Below statement is the interesting part because we are using the ‘+’ operator between string and integer.
print(a + 3)
Above statement will throw an error because python will not convert integer object to string object implicitly. To resolve this, we have to convert explicitly using following statement
print(a + str(3))
TIP: Be careful while Concating the String and Integers (Type casting plays major role here).
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