The Python static Method can be called with out creating an instance or object. Although, it belongs to a class, you can call directly by its name. If you want a method that doesn’t need any class variables or instance variables to perform an operation then you can create it as static method.
For example, you want to print a Welcome message then you can create it as static method because it won’t change or it won’t need any class variable to display that message. We can create a static method in Python by using @staticmethod decorator or staticmethod() function. Although, the second option is not recommended, we are showing the possibilities for your understanding.
In this article, we will show you, how to create a static method in Python programming language and how to call the static methods.
In most of the example, we combine the static methods with the non-static methods. At first, it might confuse you but this allows you differentiate between static and non-static methods.
Python static Method Example
You can write both static and non static methods with a single class. Let me create a non-static method func_message() and one static method func_msg() using @staticmethod decorator.
TIP: I suggest you to refer Python Functions article to understand the functions concept and Python class article to create a class.
class Employee:
def func_message(self):
print('Welcome to Python Programming')
@staticmethod
def func_msg():
print("Welcome to Tutorial Gateway")To display something from a class, you need to create an object from that class.
Calling static Method
In this example, we are going show you, how to call Python static method and non static method. As we said earlier, we don’t need to create an instance to call the static methods.
If you look into the example, Employee.func_msg() means classname.staicmethod_name. This will automatically calls func_msg method in employee class. Next, we created an instance of the Employee class to call the another method, which is non static method.
class Employee:
def func_message(self):
print('Welcome to Python Programming')
@staticmethod
def func_msg():
print("Welcome to Tutorial Gateway")
Employee.func_msg()
emp = Employee()
emp.func_message()OUTPUT
Static Method approach 2
In this example, we will create a static method using staticmethod() function in Python. Within the class, first we created two regular methods. Next, we used the below statement to convert the regular method to a static method.
Employee.func_addition = staticmethod(Employee.func_addition). It means class_name.method_name = staticmethod(class_name.method_name)
class Employee:
def func_message(self):
print('Welcome to Python Programming')
def func_addition(a, b):
return a + b
Employee.func_addition = staticmethod(Employee.func_addition)
print('Total = ', Employee.func_addition(25, 50))
emp = Employee()
emp.func_message()OUTPUT
This is an another example of creation static method using the staticmethod() function. Here, we created two static methods func_addition() and func_multiply()
class Employee:
def func_message(self):
print('Welcome to Python Programming')
def func_addition(a, b):
return a + b
def func_multiply(a, b):
return a * b
emp = Employee()
emp.func_message()
Employee.func_addition = staticmethod(Employee.func_addition)
print('Total = ', Employee.func_addition(25, 50))
Employee.func_multiply = staticmethod(Employee.func_multiply)
print('Multiplication = ', Employee.func_multiply(25, 50))OUTPUT
Python Static Method with Arguments example
In Python, you don’t have to use self or cls attributes to create a static method. Like a function, you can create it, and add the arguments as per your requirements.
In this example, we created two static methods. The def func_msg() method prints a welcome message. And, def split_string(message) method accepts a string and splits that string by comma delimiter. I suggest you to refer String split article.
class Employee:
def func_message(self):
print('Welcome to Python Programming')
@staticmethod
def func_msg():
print("Welcome to Tutorial Gateway")
@staticmethod
def split_string(message):
return message.split(",")
Employee.func_msg()
countries = 'India, China, Japan, USA, UK, Australia, Canada'
print(Employee.split_string(countries))OUTPUT
This is an another example of Python static method with arguments. In this example, we used static methods to split the message using comma, and used replace function to replace comma with underscore. I suggest you to refer String replace article.
class Employee:
def func_message(self):
print('Welcome to Python Programming')
@staticmethod
def func_msg():
print("Welcome to Tutorial Gateway")
@staticmethod
def split_string(message):
return message.split(",")
@staticmethod
def replace_string(message):
return message.replace(",", "_")
Employee.func_msg()
countries = 'India, China, Japan, USA, UK, Australia, Canada'
print(Employee.split_string(countries))
print(Employee.replace_string(countries))OUTPUT
Arithmetic Operations using Python Static Method
In this example, we create three static methods to perform addition, subtraction and multiplication.
class Employee:
def func_message(self):
print('Welcome to Python Programming')
@staticmethod
def func_addition(a, b):
return a + b
@staticmethod
def func_multiply(a, b):
return a * b
@staticmethod
def func_subtract(a, b):
return a - b
print(Employee.func_addition(10, 20))
print(Employee.func_addition(15, 28))
print(Employee.func_multiply(2, 3))
print(Employee.func_multiply(5, 7))
print(Employee.func_subtract(20, 75))
print(Employee.func_subtract(1600, 249))OUTPUT
