The JavaScript Bitwise Operators are used to perform bit operations. All the decimal values will be converted into binary values (sequence of bits i.e 0100, 1100, 1000, 1001 etc) and bitwise operator will work on these bits such as shifting them left to right or converting bit value from 0 to 1 etc. Below table shows the different Bitwise operators and their meaning.
For example, Consider x = 6 and y = 8 and their values in binary form are
x = 0110
y = 1000
| JavaScript Bitwise Operators | Meaning of operators | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| & | Bitwise AND | X & Y = 0000 |
| | | Bitwise OR | X | Y = 1110 |
| ^ | Bitwise exclusive OR | X ^ Y = 1110 |
| ~ | Bitwise complement | ~X = 00001001 (Bitwise Not operator will convert all 0 into 1.) |
| << | Shift left | X << 1 = 00001100 (Bits will move 1 step left. If we use 2 or 3 then they shift accordingly) |
| >> | Shift right | Y >> 1 = 00000100 |
Let us see the Truth Table behind Bitwise Operators in JavaScript Programming Language
| x | y | x & y | X | y | x ^ y |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
JavaScript Bitwise Operators Example
Let us see one example, for better understanding. For this example, We are using two variables a and b and their values are 9 and 65. We are going to use these two variables to show you various Bitwise operations in JavaScript Language
JAVASCRIPT CODE
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<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title> JavaScript Bitwise Operators </title> </head> <body> <h1> JavaScript Bitwise Operators </h1> <script> var a = 9, b = 65; document.write("Bitwise AND Operator a & b = " + (a & b)); document.write("<br \> Bitwise OR Operator a | b = " + (a | b)); document.write("<br \> Bitwise EXCLUSIVE OR Operator a ^ b = " + (a ^ b)); document.write("<br \> Bitwise NOT Operator ~a = " + (~a)); document.write("<br \> LEFT SHIFT Operator a << 1 = " + (a << 1)); document.write("<br \> RIGHT SHIFT Operator b >> 1 = " + (b >> 1)); </script> </body> </html> |
OUTPUT
ANALYSIS
In this program ,We declared 2 integers a and b and assigned the values 9 and 65. The binary form of 9 = 0001001 and 65 = 1000001.
Below statements will perform the bitwise operations on a and b then they will display the output
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document.write("Bitwise AND Operator a & b = " + (a & b)); document.write("<br \> Bitwise OR Operator a | b = " + (a | b)); document.write("<br \> Bitwise EXCLUSIVE OR Operator a ^ b = " + (a ^ b)); document.write("<br \> Bitwise NOT Operator ~a = " + (~a)); document.write("<br \> LEFT SHIFT Operator a << 1 = " + (a << 1)); document.write("<br \> RIGHT SHIFT Operator b >> 1 = " + (b >> 1)); |
Lets see the calculations
Bitwise AND Operation = a & b
0001001 & 1000001 = 0000001 = 1
Bitwise OR Operation = a || b
0001001 || 1000001 = 1001001 = 73
Bitwise Exclusive OR Operation = a ^ b
0001001 ^ 1000001 = 1001000 = 72
Left Shift Operation in Bitwise Operator: Left Shifting one position is equal to multiplying the number with 2. It means,
a << 1 = (9 * 2) = 18
If we say, a<<2 then multiplying the number with 4 and so on
OR
a << 1 = 0001001 << 1 = 0010010 = 18
Right Shift Operation in Bitwise Operator = b >> 1
1000001 >> 1 = 0100000 = 32
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