SQL IF ELSE

The SQL If Else Statement is one of the most useful decision-making statements in real-time programming. SQL If statement will test the condition first and depending upon the result it will execute the statements.

If the test condition is true, the statements inside the if block will be executed otherwise, statements inside the Else block will be executed. Let us see the syntax of the SQL Server If Else condition:

SQL If Else Statement Syntax

The syntax of the If Else in SQL Server is as follows:

IF (Test condition or Expression)
BEGIN
  -- If the condition is TRUE then these statements will be executed
  True statements;
END

ELSE
BEGIN
   -- If the condition is FALSE then these statements will be executed
   False statements;
END

If the test condition present in the above structure is true then True statements will be executed, if the condition is false then False statements will be executed.

Flow Chart for SQL If Else Statement

Let us see the flow chart of the SQL Server If Else statement for better understanding.

If the test condition is true then STATEMENT 1 is executed followed by STATEMENT N. If the condition is False then STATEMENT 2 is executed followed by STATEMENT N is executed because it is out of the if else condition block and it has nothing to do with the condition result.

SQL If Else Statement Example 1

In this example we are going to place four different statements. If the condition is true we will display two different statements, if the condition is false we will display another two statements.

SQL CODE

-- SQL If Else Example

--Declaring Number and Total Variables
DECLARE @Marks INT = 72 ;

IF @marks > = 50
BEGIN
   PRINT ' Congratulations ';
   PRINT ' You pass the Examination ';
END
ELSE
BEGIN
   PRINT ' You Failed ';
   PRINT ' Better Luck Next Time ';
END

OUTPUT 1: Here marks = 72. Here, the Condition 72 >= 50 is TRUE. That’s why, statements inside the If Statement is displayed as Message output

OUTPUT 2: Here we changed the marks variable to 42, and the Condition is FALSE. That’s why, statements inside the Else Statement is displayed as Message output

SQL If Else Statement Example 2

In this program we are going to check whether the Employee Sales is greater than or equal to 2000 or not using our SQL Server If Else Statement.

• If the condition is TRUE, We are going to display the Employee records Whose Sales is Greater than or Equal to 2000
• If the condition is FALSE, We are going to display the Employee records Whose Sales is Less than 2000

Before we start writing our SQL query, Let us see the data that we are going to use

Let us see the code behind this example

SQL CODE

-- SQL If Else Example
--Declaring Number and Total Variables
DECLARE @Sales INT = 2500 ;

IF @Sales > = 2000
BEGIN
  SELECT [FirstName],[LastName]
      ,[Education],[Occupation]
      ,[YearlyIncome],[Sales],[HireDate]
  FROM [SQL Tutorial].[dbo].[Employee]
  WHERE [Sales] >= 2000
  ORDER BY [Sales] ASC
END

ELSE
BEGIN
SELECT [FirstName],[LastName]
      ,[Education],[Occupation]
      ,[YearlyIncome],[Sales],[HireDate]
  FROM [SQL Tutorial].[dbo].[Employee]
  WHERE [Sales] < 2000
  ORDER BY [Sales] ASC
END

OUTPUT 1: Here we specified the Sales as 500. The Condition 500 >= 2000 is FALSE. That’s why, Output is displaying 6 out 14 records whose sales is less than 2000

OUTPUT 2: Here we changed the Sales variable to 2500. The Condition 2500 >= 2000 is TRUE.  That’s why, Output is displaying 8 out 14 records whose sales is greater than or equal to 2000