In this article we will show you, How to write the After INSERT Triggers in SQL Server with example. For this demonstration, We are going to use the below shown tables. As you can see from the below screenshot that our Employee table is Empty, and our task is to create AFTER INSERT TRIGGER on this Employee table. And by using this trigger, we want to Insert the records into Employee Table Audit, along with the audit information
TIP: You can refer AFTER UPDATE Triggers in SQL Server article to understand the AFTER UPDATE Trigger, and AFTER DELETE Triggers in SQL Server article for the AFTER DELETE Trigger.
and our Employee Table Audit is also empty
NOTE: SQL After Insert Triggers are not Supported on Views
After INSERT Triggers in SQL Server Example
In this example we will show you, How to create an After Insert Triggers in SQL Server. And here, we will create a trigger on Employee table using the CREATE TRIGGER Statement.
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-- Example for After INSERT Triggers in SQL Server USE [SQL Tutorial] GO CREATE TRIGGER AfterINSERTTrigger on [EmployeeTable] FOR INSERT AS DECLARE @EmpID INT, @EmpName VARCHAR(50), @EmpEducation VARCHAR(50), @EmpOccupation VARCHAR(50), @EmpYearlyIncome DECIMAL (10, 2), @EmpSales DECIMAL (10, 2); SELECT @EmpID = ins.ID FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpName = ins.Name FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpEducation = ins.Education FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpOccupation = ins.Occupation FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpYearlyIncome = ins.YearlyIncome FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpSales = ins.Sales FROM INSERTED ins; INSERT INTO [EmployeeTableAudit]( [ID] ,[Name] ,[Education] ,[Occupation] ,[YearlyIncome] ,[Sales] ,[ServerName] ,[ServerInstanceName] ,[Insert Time]) VALUES (@EmpID, @EmpName, @EmpEducation, @EmpOccupation, @EmpYearlyIncome, @EmpSales, CAST( SERVERPROPERTY('MachineName') AS VARCHAR(50)), CAST( SERVERPROPERTY('ServerName') AS VARCHAR(50)), GETDATE() ); PRINT 'We Successfully Fired the AFTER INSERT Triggers in SQL Server.' GO |
OUTPUT
ANALYSIS
First we used the DECLARE Statement to declare the required variables
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DECLARE @EmpID INT, @EmpName VARCHAR(50), @EmpEducation VARCHAR(50), @EmpOccupation VARCHAR(50), @EmpYearlyIncome DECIMAL (10, 2), @EmpSales DECIMAL (10, 2); |
Next we used the SELECT Statement to select the records. Following statements will select one records from inserted values.
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SELECT @EmpID = ins.ID FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpName = ins.Name FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpEducation = ins.Education FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpOccupation = ins.Occupation FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpYearlyIncome = ins.YearlyIncome FROM INSERTED ins; SELECT @EmpSales = ins.Sales FROM INSERTED ins; |
Next, we used the INSERT Statement to insert the selected values into Employee Audit Table. Here, following statements will return the Machine Name, and the server name. This information might be helpful for the audit
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SERVERPROPERTY('MachineName'), SERVERPROPERTY('ServerName') |
Let me show you the newly created trigger by opening the Object explorer -> Go to the SQL Tutorial Database -> Go and expand the Employee Table -> and then expand the Triggers Folder
For the demonstration purpose we are inserting 5 random records into the Employee table, to check whether the After insert Trigger is triggered or not.
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USE [SQL Tutorial] GO INSERT INTO [EmployeeTable] ( [Name] ,[Education] ,[Occupation] ,[YearlyIncome] ,[Sales] ) VALUES ('Tutorial Gateway', 'Masters', 'Admin', 150000, 900) ,('Imran Khan', 'Bachelors', 'Skilled Professional', 69000, 100) ,('Doe Lara', 'Bachelors', 'Management', 85000, 60) ,('Ramesh Kumar', 'High School', 'Professional', 45000, 630) ,('John Ruiz', 'Partial High School', 'Clerical', 40000, 220) |
OUTPUT
From the above screenshot you can see that, our trigger is triggered, and also inserted one record into the Audit Table. Please use the following SQL Query to check the inserted records in Employee table
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USE [SQL Tutorial] GO SELECT [ID] ,[Name] ,[Education] ,[Occupation] ,[YearlyIncome] ,[Sales] FROM [EmployeeTable] |
OUTPUT
Next, check the records in Employee table Audit using the following query.
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USE [SQL Tutorial] GO SELECT [ID] ,[Name] ,[Education] ,[Occupation] ,[YearlyIncome] ,[Sales] ,[ServerName] ,[ServerInstanceName] ,[Insert Time] FROM [EmployeeTableAudit] |
OUTPUT
From the above screenshot you can see that, our Audit Table is returning single record. This is because, In our Trigger definition, we are selecting only one record for each insert.
After INSERT Triggers in SQL Server Example 2
In this example we will show you, How to insert all the records into the audit table (triggered table) using the After Insert Triggers in SQL Server. And here, we will modify the trigger that we created in our previous example.
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-- Second Example for After INSERT Triggers in SQL Server USE [SQL Tutorial] GO CREATE TRIGGER AfterINSERTTriggerExample on [EmployeeTable] FOR INSERT AS INSERT INTO [EmployeeTableAudit]( [ID] ,[Name] ,[Education] ,[Occupation] ,[YearlyIncome] ,[Sales] ,[ServerName] ,[ServerInstanceName] ,[Insert Time]) SELECT ID, Name, Education, Occupation, YearlyIncome, Sales, CAST( SERVERPROPERTY('MachineName') AS VARCHAR(50)), CAST( SERVERPROPERTY('ServerName') AS VARCHAR(50)), GETDATE() FROM INSERTED; PRINT 'We Successfully Fired Our Second AFTER INSERT Triggers in SQL Server.' GO |
From the above code snippet you can see that, we are using the INSERT INTO SELECT Statement to select all the records that are inserting into Employee table, and then we are inserting those records into the Audit table.
Next, let me insert some random records into the employee table
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USE [SQL Tutorial] GO INSERT INTO [EmployeeTable] ( [Name] ,[Education] ,[Occupation] ,[YearlyIncome] ,[Sales] ) VALUES ('Tutorial Gateway', 'Masters', 'Admin', 150000, 900) ,('Doe Lara', 'Bachelors', 'Management', 85000, 60) ,('Ramesh Kumar', 'High School', 'Professional', 45000, 630) ,('John Ruiz', 'Partial High School', 'Clerical', 40000, 220) ,('Imran Khan', 'Bachelors', 'Skilled Professional', 69000, 100) |
OUTPUT
From the above screenshot you can see that, our after insert trigger has fired, and also inserted all the records into the audit table. Let us see the Employee table
Next, check with the Employee Audit table.
From the above screenshot you can see that, the trigger has inserted all the records.
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