Tutorial Gateway

C Program to Perform Arithmetic Operations on Arrays

by

How to write a C Program to Perform Arithmetic Operations on Arrays with practical example.

C Program to Perform Arithmetic Operations on Arrays Example

This C program allows the user to enter the number of rows and columns of 2 One Dimensional Arrays and then we are going to perform the Arithmetic Operations such as Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division on One Dimensional Arrays

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
 int Size, i, a[10], b[10];
 int Addition[10], Subtraction[10], Multiplication[10], Module[10];
 float Division[10];
  
 printf("\n Please Enter the Size of the Array\n");
 scanf("%d", &Size);
 
 printf("\nPlease Enter the First Array Elements\n");
 for(i = 0; i < Size; i++)
  {
      scanf("%d", &a[i]);
  }
   
 printf("\n Please Enter the Second Array Elements\n");
 for(i = 0; i < Size; i ++)
  {
      scanf("%d", &b[i]);
  }
  
 for(i = 0; i < Size; i ++)
  {
      Addition [i]= a[i] + b[i];
      Subtraction [i]= a[i] - b[i];
      Multiplication [i]= a[i] * b[i];
      Division [i] = a[i] / b[i];
      Module [i] = a[i] % b[i]; 
  }

 printf("\n Add\t Sub\t Multi\t Div\t Mod");
 for(i = 0; i < Size; i++)
  {
      printf("\n%d \t ", Addition[i]);
      printf("%d \t ", Subtraction[i]);
      printf("%d \t ", Multiplication[i]);
      printf("%.2f \t ", Division[i]);
      printf("%d \t ", Module[i]);
  }

  return 0;
}

OUTPUT:

Arithmetic Operations on One Dimensional Arrays

ANALYSIS

In this Program, We declared 2 arrays or One dimensional arrays a, b with the size of 10 and we also declared 4 more arrays Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Module of integer type and 1 array Division with float data type because, division of 2 integer numbers may give float results in most of the times.

Below printf statement asks the User to enter the arrays a, b size (Number of elements. For instance 4 elements = a[3])

printf("\n Please Enter the Size of the Array \n");

Below scanf statement will assign the user entered values to Size variable.

scanf("%d", &Size);

Below For Loop in C Programming will helps to iterate each and every cell present in the a[3] array. Condition inside the for loops (i < Size)) will ensure the compiler, not to exceed the array size. Otherwise the array will overflow

scanf statement inside the for loop will store the user entered values in every individual array element such as a[0], a[1], a[2]

for(i = 0; i < Size; i++)
{
  scanf("%d", &a[i]);
}

Below for loop will helps to iterate each and every cell present in the b[2][3] matrix.

for(i = 0; i < Size; i++)
{
  scanf("%d", &a[i]);
}

In the next line, We have one more for loop.

for(i = 0; i < Size; i ++)
  {
      Addition [i] = a[i] + b[i];
      Subtraction [i] = a[i] - b[i];
      Multiplication [i] = a[i] * b[i];
      Division [i] = a[i] / b[i];
      Module [i] = a[i] % b[i]; 
  }

Above For loop is used to calculate the Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division and Module of 2 arrays. From the above screenshot

User inserted values are
a[3] = {25, 45, 65}} and
b[3] = {20, 30, 45}}

First Iteration
The value of i will be 0 and the condition (i < 3) is True. So, it will start executing the statements inside the loop until the condition fails.
Addition [i] = a[i] + b[i];
Addition [0] = a[0] + b[0];
Addition [0] = 25 + 20 = 45

Subtraction [0]= a[0] – b[0];
Subtraction [0] = 25 – 20 = 5

Multiplication [0] = a[0] * b[0];
Multiplication [0] = 25 * 20 = 500

Division [0] = a[0] / b[0];
Division [0] = 25 / 20 = 1

Module [0] = a[0] % b[0];
Module [0] = 25 % 20 = 5

Second Iteration
The value of i will be 1 and the condition (i < 3) is True.
Addition [1] = a[1] + b[1];
Addition [1] = 45 + 30 = 75

Subtraction [1] = 45 – 30 = 15
Multiplication [1] = 45 * 30 = 1350
Division [1] = 45 / 30 = 1
Module [1] = 45 % 30 = 15

Third Iteration
The value of columns will be 2 and the condition (i < 3) is True.
Addition [2] = a[2] + b[2];
Addition [2] = 65 + 45 = 110

Subtraction [2] = 65 – 45 = 20
Multiplication [2] = 65 * 45 = 2925
Division [2] = 65 / 45 = 1
Module [2] = 65 % 45 = 20
After the increment the value of columns will be 3 and the condition (i < 3) will fail. So it will exit from the loop.

Next for loops,

for(i = 0; i < Size; i++)
{
  printf("\n%d \t ", Addition[i]);

  printf("%d \t ", Subtraction[i]);

  printf("%d \t ", Multiplication[i]);

  printf("%.2f \t ", Division[i]);

  printf("%d \t ", Module[i]);
}

Will traverse as we explained above but instead of addition and subtraction, it will display the values one by one using the printf statements inside them.

The final output of the Addition Array is:
Addition [3] = {45, 75, 110};

The final output of the Subtraction Array is:
Subtraction [3] = {5, 15, 20};

The final output of the Multiplication Array is:
Multiplication [3] = {500, 1350, 2925};

The final output of the Division array is:
Division [3] = {1.00, 1.00, 1.00};

The final output of the Module Array is:
Module [2][3] = { {5, 15, 20};