C Program to find Sum of each column in a Matrix

Write a C Program to find the Sum of each column in a Matrix. Or, write a C program to find the Sum of columns in a Multi-Dimensional Array with an example.

C Program to find sum of each column in a Matrix Example 1

This program allows the user to enter the total number of rows and columns in a Matrix. Next, we are going to calculate the sum of matrix columns using For Loop.

/* C Program to find Sum of columns in a Matrix  */

#include<stdio.h>
 
int main()
{
    int i, j, rows, columns, a[10][10], Sum;
    
    printf("Please Enter Number of rows and columns  :  ");
    scanf("%d %d", &i, &j);
    
    printf("Please Enter the Matrix Row and Column Elements \n");
    for(rows = 0; rows < i; rows++)
    {
        for(columns = 0; columns < j; columns++)
        {
            scanf("%d", &a[rows][columns]);
        }
    }
    
    for(rows = 0; rows < i; rows++)
    {
        Sum = 0;
        for(columns = 0; columns < j; columns++)
        {
            Sum = Sum + a[columns][rows];
        }
        printf("The Sum of Column Elements in a Matrix =  %d \n", Sum );
    }
    
    return 0;
}

OUTPUT

ANALYSIS
In this Program, we declared Two-dimensional arrays of the size of 10 * 10. printf ask the user to enter the Matrix size (rows & columns. For instance 3 Rows, 3 Columns = a[3][3] )

Next, we used for loop to iterate each cell present in a[3][3] matrix. scanf inside for loop store user-entered values as array element such as a[0][0], a[0][1], …..

In this C Program to find Sum of each column in a Matrix example, User inserted values are: a[3][3] = {{10, 20, 30}, { 12, 22, 33}, {30, 40, 50}}

Row First Iteration: for(rows = 0; rows < 3; 0++)
The condition (0 < 3) is True.
Sum = 0

Column First Iteration: for(columns = 0; 0 < 3; 0++)
The condition (columns < 3) is True. So, it will start executing the statements inside the loop
Sum  = Sum + a[columns][rows]
Sum  = Sum + a[0][0] => 0 + 10 = 10

Column Second Iteration: for(columns = 1; 1 < 3; 1++) – Condition True
Sum  = Sum + a[1][0] => 10 + 12 = 22

Column Third Iteration: for(columns = 2; 2 < 3; 2++) – Condition True
Sum  = Sum + a[2][0] => 22 + 30 = 52

Next, the value of the column incremented to 4. Condition (columns < 3) will fail. So it will exit from the loop.

Next, we used Printf statement to print the Sum. After this, rows value will increment to 1, and the Sum will become 0.

Repeat the above steps for rows = 1 and rows = 2

C Program to find sum of each column in a Matrix Example 2

This program is the same as above, but this time we separated the code using functions.

/* C Program to find Sum of columns in a Matrix  */

#include<stdio.h>

void AddColumns(int arr[10][10], int i, int j)
{
    int rows, columns, Sum = 0;
    for(columns = 0; columns < j; columns++)
    {
        for(rows = 0; rows < i; rows++)
        {
            Sum = Sum + arr[rows][columns];
        }
        printf("The Sum of Column Elements in a Matrix =  %d \n", Sum );
    }
}
int main()
{
    int i, j, rows, columns, a[10][10];
    
    printf("Please Enter Number of rows and columns  :  ");
    scanf("%d %d", &i, &j);
    
    printf("Please Enter the Matrix Row and Column Elements \n");
    for(rows = 0; rows < i; rows++)
    {
        for(columns = 0; columns < j; columns++)
        {
            scanf("%d", &a[rows][columns]);
        }
    }
    AddColumns(a, i, j);
    return 0;
}

OUTPUT