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C Program to find Sum of each column in a Matrix

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In this article, we will show you, How to write a C Program to find Sum of each column in a Matrix. Or How to write a C program to find the Sum of columns in a Multi-Dimensional Array with an example.

C Program to find sum of each column in a Matrix Example 1

This program allows the user to enter the total number of rows and columns in a Matrix. Next, we are going to calculate the sum of matrix columns using For Loop.

/* C Program to find Sum of columns in a Matrix  */

#include<stdio.h>
 
int main()
{
    int i, j, rows, columns, a[10][10], Sum;
    
    printf("Please Enter Number of rows and columns  :  ");
    scanf("%d %d", &i, &j);
    
    printf("Please Enter the Matrix Row and Column Elements \n");
    for(rows = 0; rows < i; rows++)
    {
        for(columns = 0; columns < j; columns++)
        {
            scanf("%d", &a[rows][columns]);
        }
    }
    
    for(rows = 0; rows < i; rows++)
    {
        Sum = 0;
        for(columns = 0; columns < j; columns++)
        {
            Sum = Sum + a[columns][rows];
        }
        printf("The Sum of Column Elements in a Matrix =  %d \n", Sum );
    }
    
    return 0;
}

OUTPUT

C Program to find Sum of each column in a Matrix 1

ANALYSIS
In this Program, we declared Two-dimensional arrays of the size of 10 * 10. printf ask the user to enter the Matrix size (rows & columns. For instance 3 Rows, 3 Columns = a[3][3] )

Next, we used for loop to iterate each and every cell present in a[3][3] matrix. scanf inside for loop store user entered values as array element such as a[0][0], a[0][1], …..

User inserted values are: a[3][3] = {{10, 20, 30}, { 12, 22, 33}, {30, 40, 50}}

Row First Iteration: for(rows = 0; rows < 3; 0++)
The condition (0 < 3) is True.
Sum = 0

Column First Iteration: for(columns = 0; 0 < 3; 0++)
The condition (columns < 3) is True. So, it will start executing the statements inside the loop
Sum  = Sum + a[columns][rows]
Sum  = Sum + a[0][0] => 0 + 10 = 10

Column Second Iteration: for(columns = 1; 1 < 3; 1++) – Condition True
Sum  = Sum + a[1][0] => 10 + 12 = 22

Column Third Iteration: for(columns = 2; 2 < 3; 2++) – Condition True
Sum  = Sum + a[2][0] => 22 + 30 = 52

Next, columns value will be incremented to 4. Condition (columns < 3) will fail. So it will exit from the loop.

Next, we used Printf statement to print the Sum. After this, rows value will be incremented to 1 and Sum will become 0.

Repeat the above steps for rows = 1 and rows = 2

C Program to find sum of each column in a Matrix Example 2

This program is the same as above, but this time we separated the code using functions.

/* C Program to find Sum of columns in a Matrix  */

#include<stdio.h>

void AddColumns(int arr[10][10], int i, int j)
{
    int rows, columns, Sum = 0;
    for(columns = 0; columns < j; columns++)
    {
        for(rows = 0; rows < i; rows++)
        {
            Sum = Sum + arr[rows][columns];
        }
        printf("The Sum of Column Elements in a Matrix =  %d \n", Sum );
    }
}
int main()
{
    int i, j, rows, columns, a[10][10];
    
    printf("Please Enter Number of rows and columns  :  ");
    scanf("%d %d", &i, &j);
    
    printf("Please Enter the Matrix Row and Column Elements \n");
    for(rows = 0; rows < i; rows++)
    {
        for(columns = 0; columns < j; columns++)
        {
            scanf("%d", &a[rows][columns]);
        }
    }
    AddColumns(a, i, j);
    return 0;
}

OUTPUT

C Program to find Sum of each column in a Matrix 2