Python NumPy Arithmetic Operations

Python NumPy module provides various arithmetic functions such as add, subtract, multiply and divide, which are used to perform Python numpy arithmetic operations on arrays. Apart from them, you can use the standard Python Arithmetic Operators also. In order to use them, arrays should be of same shape or they have to bound to array rules.

We are going to use the below shown arrays to demonstrate the Python NumPy Arithmetic Operations using arithmetic functions and arithmetic operators

a = np.array([10, 50, 100, 150, 250])
a 

b = np.array([6, 5, 4, 3, 2])
b
 
c = np.array([[26,  48,  91,  57, 120], [33,  95,  68, 109, 155], [111, 194,   7,  22, 124], [ 82, 119,  18, 156,  81],[ 38,  10, 151,  24,  14]])
c
# You can create an array of random numbers using the below statement
#c = np.random.randint(0, 200, size = (5, 5))
#c
 
d = np.array([[12, 11,  0,  9,  7], [10,  4, 11,  6,  9], [ 9,  2, 10,  9, 11], [ 5, 14,  0, 11,  8], [ 5, 12,  5,  5, 11]])
d
 
#d = np.random.randint(0, 15, size = (5, 5))
#d
 
e = np.array([11, 22, 33, 44, 55])
e

OUTPUT

Python NumPy Arithmetic Operations Examples

The following are the list of arithmetic operators and arithmetic functions that are available to perform NumPy Arithmetic Operations in Python

Python NumPy add function

This NumPy add function adds two arrays.

np.add(a, b)
np.add(c, d)

Let me try to add array of different sizes

np.add(a, c)

We got the unexpected result. Let me try to add three arrays 

np.add(a, b, c)

OUTPUT

I think you understand the limitations of using this Python NumPy add function.

Python NumPy Arithmetic Operator +

Let me use the Arithmetic Operator + to add arrays

a + b
c + d
a + c
a + b + c
a + b + c + d

OUTPUT

Python NumPy subtract function

This Python NumPy subtract function subtracts one array from another array.

np.subtract(a, b)
np.subtract(c, d)
np.subtract(d, c)

Subtracting array of different sizes

np.subtract(a, c)

Let me try to use Python NumPy subtract function on three arrays 

np.subtract(a, b, c)

OUTPUT

Python NumPy Arithmetic Operator –

We got the unexpected result!. Let me use the Arithmetic Operator – to subtract arrays

a - b
c - d
a - c
a - b - c
c - a - b - d

OUTPUT

Python NumPy multiply function

This Python NumPy multiply function multiplies two arrays.

np.multiply(a, b)
np.multiply(c, d)
np.multiply(d, c)

Multiplying array of different sizes

np.multiply(a, c)

Let me multiply three arrays of different sizes

np.multiply(a, b, c)

OUTPUT

Python NumPy Arithmetic Operator *

This time, we are using the Arithmetic Operator * to multiply arrays

a * b
c * d
a * c
a * b * c
a * b * c * d

OUTPUT

Python NumPy divide function

The Python NumPy divide function divides one array from another.

np.divide(a, b)
np.divide(c, d)
np.divide(d, c)

Dividing array of different sizes

np.divide(a, c)

OUTPUT

Python NumPy Arithmetic Operator /

Let me use the Arithmetic Operator / to divide those arrays

a / b
d / c
a / c
a / b / c
c / a / b / d

OUTPUT

Python Numpy mod function

The Python NumPy mod function returns the remainder of the division.

np.mod(a, 3)
np.mod(a, 6)
np.mod(c, 4)
np.mod(d, 2)

Now, we used this Python numpy mod function on multiple arrays

np.mod(a, b)
np.mod(a, e)
np.mod(d, c)

OUTPUT

Python Numpy remainder function

Similar to mod function, the Python NumPy reminder function returns the remainder of the division.

np.remainder(a, 4)
np.remainder(a, 7)
np.remainder(c, 5)
np.remainder(d, 9)

Let me use this remainder function with two arguments as an arrays

np.remainder(a, b)
np.remainder(a, e)

np.remainder(c, d)
np.remainder(d, b)

OUTPUT