Python Bitwise operators help perform bit operations. All the decimal values will convert into binary values (bits sequence i.e., 0100, 1100, 1000, 1001, etc.). Next, Python bitwise operators work on these bits, such as shifting left to right or transforming bit value from 0 to 1, etc.
The below table shows the different Python Bitwise operators and their meaning. For example, Consider x = 6 and y = 8 and their values in binary form are
x = 0110 and y = 1000
| Python Bitwise Operators | Meaning of operators | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| & | Bitwise AND | X & Y = 0000 |
| | | Bitwise OR | X | Y = 1110 |
| ^ | Bitwise exclusive OR | X ^ Y = 1110 |
| ~ | Bitwise complement | ~X = 00001001 (Bitwise Not operator will convert all 0 into 1.) |
| << | Shift left | X << 1 = 00001100 (Bits will move 1 step left. If we use 2 or 3 then they shift accordingly) |
| >> | Shift right | Y >> 1 = 00000100 |
Let us see the Truth Table behind Python Bitwise Operators is:
| x | y | x & y | X | y | x ^ y |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Python Bitwise Operators Example
Let us see one example, to understand bitwise operators perfectly.
For this example, We are using two variables a and b and their values are 9 and 65. We are going to use these two variables to show you the list of various Bitwise operations in Python Programming
>>> a = 9
>>> b = 65
>>> print("Bitwise AND Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a & b)
>>> print("Bitwise OR Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a | b)
>>> print("Bitwise EXCLUSIVE OR Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a ^ b)
>>> print("Bitwise NOT Operator On 9 is = ", ~a)
>>> print("Bitwise LEFT SHIFT Operator On 9 is = ", a << 1)
>>> print("Bitwise RIGHT SHIFT Operator On 65 is = ", b >> 1)
OUTPUT
ANALYSIS
In this Python bitwise operators program ,We declared 2 integers a and b and assigned the values 9 and 65. The binary form of 9 = 00001001 and 65 = 01000001.
>>> a = 9 >>> b = 65
Below print statements will perform the bitwise operations on a and b then they will display the output
>>> print(" Bitwise AND Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a & b)
>>> print(" Bitwise OR Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a | b)
>>> print(" Bitwise EXCLUSIVE OR Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a ^ b)
>>> print(" Bitwise NOT Operator On 9 is = ", ~a)
>>> print(" Bitwise LEFT SHIFT Operator On 9 is = ", a << 1)
>>> print(" Bitwise RIGHT SHIFT Operator On 65 is = ", b >> 1)
Lets see the Python calculations
Bitwise AND Operation = a & b
00001001 & 01000001 = 00000001 = 1
Bitwise OR Operation = a | b
00001001 | 01000001 = 01001001 = 73
Bitwise Exclusive OR Operation in Python = a ^ b
00001001 ^ 01000001 = 01001000 = 72
Right Shift Operation in Python = b >> 1
01000001 >> 1 = 00100000 = 32
