Python Bitwise operators are used to perform bit operations. All the decimal values will be converted into binary values (sequence of bits i.e 0100, 1100, 1000, 1001 etc) and bitwise operators will work on these bits such as shifting them left to right or converting bit value from 0 to 1 etc. Below table shows the different Python Bitwise operators and their meaning.
For example, Consider x = 6 and y = 8 and their values in binary form are
x = 0110
y = 1000
| Python Bitwise Operators | Meaning of operators | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| & | Bitwise AND | X & Y = 0000 |
| | | Bitwise OR | X | Y = 1110 |
| ^ | Bitwise exclusive OR | X ^ Y = 1110 |
| ~ | Bitwise complement | ~X = 00001001 (Bitwise Not operator will convert all 0 into 1.) |
| << | Shift left | X << 1 = 00001100 (Bits will move 1 step left. If we use 2 or 3 then they shift accordingly) |
| >> | Shift right | Y >> 1 = 00000100 |
Let us see the Truth Table behind Python Bitwise Operators is:
| x | y | x & y | X | y | x ^ y |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Python Bitwise Operators Example
Let us see one example, to understand python bitwise operators perfectly. For this example, We are using two variables a and b and their values are 9 and 65. We are going to use these two variables to show you various Bitwise operations present in Python Programming
CODE
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>>> a = 9 >>> b = 65 >>> print("Bitwise AND Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a & b) >>> print("Bitwise OR Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a | b) >>> print("Bitwise EXCLUSIVE OR Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a ^ b) >>> print("Bitwise NOT Operator On 9 is = ", ~a) >>> print("Bitwise LEFT SHIFT Operator On 9 is = ", a << 1) >>> print("Bitwise RIGHT SHIFT Operator On 65 is = ", b >> 1) |
OUTPUT
ANALYSIS
In this program ,We declared 2 integers a and b and assigned the values 9 and 65. The binary form of 9 = 00001001 and 65 = 01000001.
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>>> a = 9 >>> b = 65 |
Below print statements will perform the bitwise operations on a and b then they will display the output
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>>> print(" Bitwise AND Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a & b) >>> print(" Bitwise OR Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a | b) >>> print(" Bitwise EXCLUSIVE OR Operator On 9 and 65 is = ", a ^ b) >>> print(" Bitwise NOT Operator On 9 is = ", ~a) >>> print(" Bitwise LEFT SHIFT Operator On 9 is = ", a << 1) >>> print(" Bitwise RIGHT SHIFT Operator On 65 is = ", b >> 1) |
Lets see the calculations
Bitwise AND Operation = a & b
00001001 & 01000001 = 00000001 = 1
Bitwise OR Operation = a | b
00001001 | 01000001 = 01001001 = 73
Bitwise Exclusive OR Operation = a ^ b
00001001 ^ 01000001 = 01001000 = 72
Right Shift Operation in Bitwise Operator = b >> 1
01000001 >> 1 = 00100000 = 32
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