Python Bitwise operators help perform bit operations. First, all the decimal values will convert into binary values (bits sequence, i.e., 0100, 1100, 1000, 1001, etc.). Next, the bitwise operators work on these bits by shifting left to the right or transforming bit values from 0 to 1 and vice versa.
The below table shows the different Python Bitwise operators and their meaning. For example, Consider x = 6 and y = 8 and their values in binary form are: x = 0110 and y = 1000
| Operators | Meaning | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| & | Bitwise AND | X & Y = 0000 |
| | | OR | X | Y = 1110 |
| ^ | exclusive OR | X ^ Y = 1110 |
| ~ | complement | ~X = 00001001 (Not operator will convert all 0 into 1.) |
| << | Shift left | X << 1 = 00001100 (Bits will move 1 step left. If we use 2 or 3, then they shift accordingly) |
| >> | Shift right | Y >> 1 = 00000100 |
The Truth Table behind it is:
| x | y | x & y | X | y | x ^ y |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Python Bitwise Operators Example
In this example, we use two variables, a and b, whose values are 9 and 65. Next, we use them to show you the list of Bitwise operations.
a = 9
b = 65
print("AND On 9 and 65 is = ", a & b)
print("OR On 9 and 65 is = ", a | b)
print("EXCLUSIVE OR On 9 and 65 is = ", a ^ b)
print("NOT On 9 is = ", ~a)
print("LEFT SHIFT On 9 is = ", a << 1)
print("RIGHT SHIFT On 65 is = ", b >> 1)
In this bitwise operators program, we declared two integers, a and b, and assigned the values 9 and 65. The binary form of 9 = 00001001 and 65 = 01000001.
>>> a = 9 >>> b = 65
Let’s see the Python calculations of these Operators
AND Operation = a&b
00001001 & 01000001 = 00000001 = 1
OR Operation on integer values = a | b
00001001 | 01000001 = 01001001 = 73
The Exclusive OR Operation = a^b
00001001 ^ 01000001 = 01001000 = 72
Right Shift Operation = b >> 1
01000001 >> 1 = 00100000 = 32
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