Lattice Histogram in R

The Lattice Histogram in R is useful to visualize the statistical information. Though it looks like Barplot, Histograms display data in equal intervals. In this article we will show you, How to Create a Lattice Histogram using the lattice library, Format its color, adding labels, and drawing multiple Histograms.

Syntax of a Lattice Histogram in R

The basic syntax to draw the lattice Histogram in R Programming is as shown below

histogram(x,
          data,
          allow.multiple, outer = TRUE,
          auto.key = FALSE,
          aspect = "fill",
          panel = lattice.getOption("panel.histogram"),
          prepanel, scales, strip, groups,
          xlab, xlim, ylab, ylim,
          type = c("percent", "count", "density"),
          nint = if (is.factor(x)) nlevels(x)
          else round(log2(length(x)) + 1),
          endpoints = extend.limits(range(as.numeric(x), finite = TRUE), prop = 0.04),
          breaks,
          equal.widths = TRUE,
          drop.unused.levels = lattice.getOption("drop.unused.levels"),
          ...,
          lattice.options = NULL,
          default.scales = list(),
          default.prepanel = lattice.getOption("prepanel.default.histogram"),
          subscripts,
          subset).)

Before we get into the example, let us the see the data that we are going to use for this Lattice Histogram example. iris is the date set provided by the R

Create a Lattice Histogram in R

In this example we will show you, How to create a Lattice Histogram using the iris data set, which is provided by the R Studio.

NOTE: If your requirement is to import data from external files, please refer R Read CSV article

# Create R Histogram using Lattice package

# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Plot
histogram(~ Sepal.Length, data = iris)

OUTPUT

Assigning names to Lattice Histogram in R

In this example we will show you, How to assign names to Lattice Histogram, X-Axis, and Y-Axis using main, xlab, and ylab

• main: You can change, or provide the Title for your Histogram.
• xlab: Please specify the label for the X-Axis
• ylab: Please specify the label for the Y-Axis

# Assign Names to R Lattice package Histogram

# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Plot
histogram(~ Sepal.Length, data = iris,
          main = "R Lattice Histogram",
          xlab = "Length",
          ylab = "Total Percentage")

OUTPUT

Change Colors of a Lattice Histogram in R

In this example we will show you, How to change the lattice Histogram color using col argument. Type colors() in your console to get the list of colors available in R programming

# Change Colors of a R Lattice package Histogram
# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Plot
histogram(~ Sepal.Length, data = iris,
          main = "R Lattice Histogram",
          xlab = "Length",
          ylab = "Total Percentage",
          col = c("chocolate2", "seagreen"))

From the above you can observe that, we used two colors for the col argument. It means, those two colors will be repeated until the end of bars.

Changing Bins of a Histogram in R

In this example we will show you, How to change the Bin size using breaks argument. You can use a Vector of values to specify the break points between histogram cells. Use numbers to specify the number of cells a histogram has to return. For example, breaks = 10 means, 10 bars will be returned.

# R Lattice Histogram Example - Changing Bins
# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Plot
histogram(~ Sepal.Length, data = iris,
          main = "R Lattice Histogram",
          xlab = "Length",
          ylab = "Total Percentage",
          col = c("chocolate2", "seagreen"),
          breaks = 20)

OUTPUT

 

Create a R Lattice Histogram with Density

In this example we will show you, How to create a lattice Histogram against the Density and to achieve the same, we have set the type argument to density.

# Create R Lattice Histogram - Density
# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Plot
histogram(~ Sepal.Length, data = iris,
          main = "R Lattice Histogram",
          xlab = "Length",
          col = c("chocolate2", "seagreen"),
          type = "density")

OUTPUT

Multiple Lattice Histograms in R

In this example we will show you, How to add multiple Histogram to plot region.

# Create Multiple R Lattice Histogram 
# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Plot
histogram(~ Sepal.Length | Species, data = iris,
          main = "R Lattice Histogram",
          xlab = "Length",
          ylab = "Total Percentage",
          col = c("chocolate2", "seagreen"))

OUTPUT

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